{"id":8320,"date":"2024-03-18T11:23:36","date_gmt":"2024-03-18T10:23:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/softinery.com\/pl\/?page_id=8320"},"modified":"2024-07-24T09:25:33","modified_gmt":"2024-07-24T07:25:33","slug":"kurs-python-moduly-i-pakiety","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/softinery.com\/pl\/blog\/kurs-python-moduly-i-pakiety\/","title":{"rendered":"Kurs Python: modu\u0142y i pakiety"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_bd5e5c-c4\">Czym jest modu\u0142?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>W programowaniu modu\u0142 to fragment oprogramowania, kt\u00f3ry ma okre\u015blon\u0105 funkcjonalno\u015b\u0107. Przyk\u0142adowo, buduj\u0105c gr\u0119 w sapera, jeden modu\u0142 mo\u017ce odpowiada\u0107 za algorytmy opisuj\u0105ce dzia\u0142anie gry, a inny modu\u0142 za wy\u015bwietlanie grafiki na ekranie. Najpro\u015bciej ujmuj\u0105c, modu\u0142 to plik, w kt\u00f3rym zawarto zestaw funkcji, klas i zmiennych s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cych do realizacji pewnego celu.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_24bee2-d1\">Czym jest pakiet?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pakiet to katalog zawieraj\u0105cy wiele modu\u0142\u00f3w. Z regu\u0142y s\u0105 one tematycznie powi\u0105zane, co u\u0142atwia organizacj\u0119 kodu i projektu.<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_3f15b6-bf\">Instalacja pakiet\u00f3w w Pythonie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pakiety w Pythonie mo\u017cemy zainstalowa\u0107 przy u\u017cyciu linii polece\u0144 (w systemie Windows \u2014 CMD) i komendy <code>pip install nazwa_pakietu<\/code>. Polecenie to pobiera dany pakiet z serwera PyPI (Python Package Index) i instaluje na dysku lokalnym. Warto wspomnie\u0107, \u017ce cz\u0119sto stosuje si\u0119 zamiennie poj\u0119cia pakiet biblioteka, cho\u0107 biblioteka jest poj\u0119ciem bardziej og\u00f3lnym, oznaczaj\u0105cym zb\u00f3r modu\u0142\u00f3w lub pakiet\u00f3w zapewniaj\u0105cych szeroki zakres funkcjonalno\u015bci. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Przyk\u0142adowo, instalacja popularnej biblioteki do tworzenia wykres\u00f3w <code>matplotlib<\/code> b\u0119dzie wygl\u0105da\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105co:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pip install matplotlib<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_0c7ba2-06\">Odinstalowanie pakiet\u00f3w w Pythonie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Odinstalowanie pakietu dokonujemy r\u00f3wnie\u017c przy u\u017cyciu polecenia <code>pip<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pip uninstall matplotlib<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_cfedb7-7a\">Sprawdzanie, czy pakiet jest zainstalowany<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Aby sprawdzi\u0107, czy pakiet jest zainstalowany, u\u017cywamy w terminalu polecenia <code>pip show nazwa pakietu<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pip show matplotlib<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>W efekcie dostajemy informacje na temat zainstalowanego pakietu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Name: matplotlib\nVersion: 3.8.3\nSummary: Python plotting package\nHome-page: https:\/\/matplotlib.org\nAuthor: John D. Hunter, Michael Droettboom\nAuthor-email: matplotlib-users@python.org\nLicense: PSF\nLocation: C:\\Users\\Szymon\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python311\\Lib\\site-packages\nRequires: contourpy, cycler, fonttools, kiwisolver, numpy, packaging, pillow, pyparsing, python-dateutil\nRequired-by: seaborn<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>lub informacji o jego braku:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>WARNING: Package(s) not found: matplotlib<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_803af7-79, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_803af7-79[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_803af7-79\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_803af7-79 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_803af7-79[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_803af7-79\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_803af7-79 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_803af7-79[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_803af7-79\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_803af7-79 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_803af7-79\">Popularne pakiety w Pythonie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Lista dost\u0119pnych pakiet\u00f3w i bibliotek jest bardzo d\u0142uga. Repozytorium PyPI zawiera ich ponad p\u00f3\u0142 miliona. Du\u017ca jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c ich r\u00f3\u017cnorodno\u015b\u0107 i mo\u017cna po\u015br\u00f3d nich znale\u017a\u0107 wiele s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cych do rozwi\u0105zywania problem\u00f3w z obszaru wielu zainteresowa\u0144. Spo\u015br\u00f3d najcz\u0119\u015bciej pobieranych bibliotek [1] znajdziemy mi\u0119dzy innymi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>requests \u2014 biblioteka s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca do wykonywania zapyta\u0144 HTTP,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>numpy \u2014 biblioteka s\u0142u\u017c\u0105ca do wykonywania szybkich operacji na tablicach,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>boto3 \u2014 biblioteka do pracy z us\u0142ugami Amazon Web Services (AWS),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>python-dateutil \u2014 modu\u0142 do manipulacji datami i czasem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Opr\u00f3cz wy\u017cej wymienionych warto te\u017c wspomnie\u0107 o pakietach zwi\u0105zanych z bardziej szczeg\u00f3\u0142owymi zagadnieniami:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>pandas \u2014 pakiet przeznaczony do manipulacji danymi i analizy danych.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>tkinter \u2014 biblioteka umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105ca tworzenie interfejs\u00f3w graficznych.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pygame \u2014 biblioteka przeznaczona do tworzenia gier komputerowych.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_df2ffd-95\">Modu\u0142y w bibliotece standardowej Pythona<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Biblioteka standardowa j\u0119zyka Python zawiera ponad 200 podstawowych modu\u0142\u00f3w [2]. Zawiera mi\u0119dzy innymi takie modu\u0142y jak:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>os \u2014 zawiera funkcje do interakcji z systemem operacyjnym, takie jak np. manipulacje plikami.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>datetime \u2014 udost\u0119pnia funkcje do manipulacji datami i czasem.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>re \u2014 umo\u017cliwia operacje zwi\u0105zane z wyra\u017ceniami regularnymi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>math \u2014 zawiera funkcje matematyczne, takie jak sin, cos, exp, itd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pe\u0142na dokumentacja biblioteki standardowej Pythona znajduje si\u0119 pod adresem [3].<\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_27ab7d-00\">Importowanie modu\u0142\u00f3w<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Korzystanie z wybranego modu\u0142u odbywa si\u0119 po uprzednim zaimportowaniu go. Mo\u017cemy to zrobi\u0107 na kilka sposob\u00f3w. Najprostsza instrukcja to <code>import nazwa_modulu<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#24292e;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;padding:16px 0 0 16px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff\"><span style=\"background:#2f363c;padding:0.3rem 0.5rem 0.2rem;border-radius:1rem;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1;height:1.25rem;text-align:center;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#ffffff\">Python<\/span><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"import datetime\" style=\"color:#24292e;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-light\" style=\"background-color: #fff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> datetime<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Wygodny jest zapis import <code>nazwa_modulu as skrot<\/code>, dzi\u0119ki kt\u00f3remu mo\u017cemy wywo\u0142a\u0107 funkcje z tego modu\u0142u z u\u017cyciem skr\u00f3conej formy, np.:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers cbp-highlight-hover\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#24292e;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);--cbp-line-highlight-color:rgba(16, 41, 67, 0.2);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;padding:16px 0 0 16px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff\"><span style=\"background:#2f363c;padding:0.3rem 0.5rem 0.2rem;border-radius:1rem;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1;height:1.25rem;text-align:center;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#ffffff\">Python<\/span><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"import numpy as np\n\n# Tworzenie tablicy o d\u0142ugo\u015bci 5 wype\u0142nionej zerami\nzeros_array = np.zeros(5)\n\n# zamiast zeros_array = numpy.zeros(5)\" style=\"color:#24292e;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-light\" style=\"background-color: #fff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> numpy <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">as<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> np<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\"># Tworzenie tablicy o d\u0142ugo\u015bci 5 wype\u0142nionej zerami<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">zeros_array <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> np.zeros(<\/span><span style=\"color: #005CC5\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\"># zamiast zeros_array = numpy.zeros(5)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je\u015bli nie potrzebujemy korzysta\u0107 z ca\u0142ego modu\u0142u, a jedynie z wybranych jego funkcji to mo\u017cemy u\u017cy\u0107 zapisu <code>from modul import funkcja1, funkcja2<\/code>, np.:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers cbp-highlight-hover\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#24292e;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);--cbp-line-highlight-color:rgba(16, 41, 67, 0.2);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;padding:16px 0 0 16px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff\"><span style=\"background:#2f363c;padding:0.3rem 0.5rem 0.2rem;border-radius:1rem;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1;height:1.25rem;text-align:center;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#ffffff\">Python<\/span><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"from numpy import zeros\nzeros_array = zeros(5)\" style=\"color:#24292e;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-light\" style=\"background-color: #fff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> numpy <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> zeros<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">zeros_array <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> zeros(<\/span><span style=\"color: #005CC5\">5<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mo\u017cemy zaimportowa\u0107 kilka modu\u0142\u00f3w w jednej linii:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#24292e;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(1 * 0.6 * .875rem);--cbp-line-highlight-color:rgba(16, 41, 67, 0.2);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;padding:16px 0 0 16px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff\"><span style=\"background:#2f363c;padding:0.3rem 0.5rem 0.2rem;border-radius:1rem;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1;height:1.25rem;text-align:center;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#ffffff\">Python<\/span><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"import datetime, numpy\" style=\"color:#24292e;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-light\" style=\"background-color: #fff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> datetime, numpy<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38 mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38 img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38 wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_787aa4-38\">Tworzenie w\u0142asnych modu\u0142\u00f3w<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Modu\u0142 tworzymy jako plik <code>.py<\/code>, w kt\u00f3rym definiujemy funkcje, klasy i zmienne. We\u017amy dla przyk\u0142adu zagadnienie zwi\u0105zane z analiz\u0105 danych. Mo\u017cemy utworzy\u0107 modu\u0142 <code>analiza_danych.py<\/code>, kt\u00f3ry b\u0119dzie zawiera\u0142 niezb\u0119dne funkcje. Przyk\u0142adowy modu\u0142 m\u00f3g\u0142by wygl\u0105da\u0107 nast\u0119puj\u0105co:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers cbp-highlight-hover\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#24292e;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(2 * 0.6 * .875rem);--cbp-line-highlight-color:rgba(16, 41, 67, 0.2);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;padding:16px 0 0 16px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff\"><span style=\"background:#2f363c;padding:0.3rem 0.5rem 0.2rem;border-radius:1rem;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1;height:1.25rem;text-align:center;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#ffffff\">Python<\/span><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"# analiza_danych.py\ndef oblicz_srednia(data):\n  ...\n  return srednia\n  \ndef wczytaj_dane(sciezka):\n  ...\n  return data\n\ndef wyczysc_dane(data):\n  ...\n  return clean_data\" style=\"color:#24292e;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-light\" style=\"background-color: #fff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\"># analiza_danych.py<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #6F42C1\">oblicz_srednia<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">(data):<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #005CC5\">...<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> srednia<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">  <\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #6F42C1\">wczytaj_dane<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">(sciezka):<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #005CC5\">...<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> data<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">def<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #6F42C1\">wyczysc_dane<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">(data):<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #005CC5\">...<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">  <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">return<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> clean_data<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>W powy\u017cszym szkicu uwzgl\u0119dnionych mamy kilka funkcji, kt\u00f3re realizuj\u0105 takie zadania jak wczytanie danych, wyczyszczenie danych i obliczenie \u015bredniej. Utworzony modu\u0142 mo\u017cemy nast\u0119pnie wykorzysta\u0107 w innych plikach, po wcze\u015bniejszym zaimportowaniu go. Mo\u017cemy zaimportowa\u0107 ca\u0142y modu\u0142 korzystaj\u0105c z instrukcji <code>import modul<\/code>, b\u0105d\u017a tylko wybrane funkcje <code>from modul import funkcja1, funkcja2<\/code>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-kevinbatdorf-code-block-pro cbp-has-line-numbers\" data-code-block-pro-font-family=\"Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono\" style=\"font-size:.875rem;font-family:Code-Pro-JetBrains-Mono,ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,Menlo,Monaco,Consolas,monospace;--cbp-line-number-color:#24292e;--cbp-line-number-width:calc(2 * 0.6 * .875rem);--cbp-line-highlight-color:rgba(16, 41, 67, 0.2);line-height:1.25rem;--cbp-tab-width:2;tab-size:var(--cbp-tab-width, 2)\"><span style=\"display:flex;align-items:center;padding:16px 0 0 16px;width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#ffffff\"><span style=\"background:#2f363c;padding:0.3rem 0.5rem 0.2rem;border-radius:1rem;font-size:0.8em;line-height:1;height:1.25rem;text-align:center;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#ffffff\">Python<\/span><\/span><span role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" data-code=\"from analiza_danych import oblicz_srednia, wczytaj_dane, wyczysc_dane\n\n# Przyk\u0142adowe dane\nsciezka_do_pliku = 'dane.txt'\n\n# Wczytanie danych\ndane = wczytaj_dane(sciezka_do_pliku)\nprint(&quot;Wczytane dane:&quot;, dane)\n\n# Wyczyszczenie danych\noczyszczone_dane = wyczysc_dane(dane)\nprint(&quot;Oczyszczone dane:&quot;, oczyszczone_dane)\n\n# Obliczenie \u015bredniej\nsrednia = oblicz_srednia(oczyszczone_dane)\nprint(&quot;\u015arednia warto\u015b\u0107:&quot;, srednia)\" style=\"color:#24292e;display:none\" aria-label=\"Copy\" class=\"code-block-pro-copy-button\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\"><path class=\"with-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2m-6 9l2 2 4-4\"><\/path><path class=\"without-check\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" d=\"M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><pre class=\"shiki github-light\" style=\"background-color: #fff\" tabindex=\"0\"><code><span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">from<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> analiza_danych <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">import<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> oblicz_srednia, wczytaj_dane, wyczysc_dane<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\"># Przyk\u0142adowe dane<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">sciezka_do_pliku <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> <\/span><span style=\"color: #032F62\">&#39;dane.txt&#39;<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\"># Wczytanie danych<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">dane <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> wczytaj_dane(sciezka_do_pliku)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #005CC5\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #032F62\">&quot;Wczytane dane:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">, dane)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\"># Wyczyszczenie danych<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">oczyszczone_dane <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> wyczysc_dane(dane)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #005CC5\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #032F62\">&quot;Oczyszczone dane:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">, oczyszczone_dane)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #6A737D\"># Obliczenie \u015bredniej<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #24292E\">srednia <\/span><span style=\"color: #D73A49\">=<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\"> oblicz_srednia(oczyszczone_dane)<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"line\"><span style=\"color: #005CC5\">print<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">(<\/span><span style=\"color: #032F62\">&quot;\u015arednia warto\u015b\u0107:&quot;<\/span><span style=\"color: #24292E\">, srednia)<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<style>.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d\"]{font-style:normal;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d mark.kt-highlight, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d\"] mark.kt-highlight{font-style:normal;color:#f76a0c;-webkit-box-decoration-break:clone;box-decoration-break:clone;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d img.kb-inline-image, .wp-block-kadence-advancedheading.kt-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d[data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d\"] img.kb-inline-image{width:150px;vertical-align:baseline;}<\/style>\n<h2 class=\"kt-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d wp-block-kadence-advancedheading\" data-kb-block=\"kb-adv-heading8320_606e66-3d\"><strong>Odno\u015bniki<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>[1] <a href=\"https:\/\/pypistats.org\/top\">https:\/\/pypistats.org\/top<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[2] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/libraries-in-python\/\">https:\/\/www.geeksforgeeks.org\/libraries-in-python\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>[3] <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/index.html\">https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/index.html<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Czym jest modu\u0142? W programowaniu modu\u0142 to fragment oprogramowania, kt\u00f3ry ma okre\u015blon\u0105 funkcjonalno\u015b\u0107. Przyk\u0142adowo, buduj\u0105c gr\u0119 w sapera, jeden modu\u0142 mo\u017ce odpowiada\u0107 za algorytmy opisuj\u0105ce dzia\u0142anie gry, a inny modu\u0142 za wy\u015bwietlanie grafiki na ekranie. Najpro\u015bciej ujmuj\u0105c, modu\u0142 to plik, w kt\u00f3rym zawarto zestaw funkcji, klas i zmiennych s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cych do realizacji pewnego celu. Czym jest&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/softinery.com\/pl\/blog\/kurs-python-moduly-i-pakiety\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Dowiedz si\u0119 wi\u0119cej &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Kurs Python: modu\u0142y i pakiety<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":578,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8320","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.1.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kurs Python: modu\u0142y i pakiety<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Modu\u0142 w Pythonie to plik zawieraj\u0105cy kod umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105cy wykonanie okre\u015blonego zadania. 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